Leo to Aetius, presbyter.
Chapter I: Leo Acknowledges Aetius’s Diligence and Directs Him to Deliver the Letters to the Eastern Metropolitans
We have received the letters of your charity, which testified to your diligence in the cause of the Church; and briefly for now we exhort you to press on watchfully with what you have already begun, lest the perverseness of the heretics gain anything by which the Church of the Lord may be disturbed. We ourselves, by virtue of our diligence, have transmitted to the most merciful emperor and to the magnificent Patricius Aspar1 what was necessary in the cause of the faith — writings which will doubtless be able to obtain a fitting result, if your vigilance also cooperates. It has likewise pleased us to send general letters to the metropolitan bishops, to strengthen and confirm their resolve, that they may know they must strive with equal study and concerted unity to defend the Council of Chalcedon. Of these letters, one is addressed to the Antiochene and another to the Hierosolymitan — you will deliver them if it shall seem good to you both in common.2 We have already sent similar writings to the Illyrian bishops.
Chapter II: Leo Sends Copies of the Gallic and Italian Letters and Instructs Aetius on the Court Documents
On the mystery of the Catholic faith, moreover, there is nothing left for us to contend about: for nothing more diligently can be investigated, nor more truly defined.3 Copies also of the letters which the Gallic and Italian bishops have sent to us with united will4 we have likewise directed to you, so that it may be known that their faith is also one with ours. Furthermore, the writings which we have sent to the most merciful emperor and to the necessary persons through our son Gerontius — whether through your charity or through our son Storatius,5 if he is still with you — we wish to have presented and assisted with appropriate advocacy. And in order that you may be informed of what we have written, we have sent copies, so that you may be fully instructed about everything.
Given on the Kalends of September, in the consulship of Constantinus and Rufus.
Footnotes
- ↩ Aspar (Flavius Ardabur Aspar), identified in the note to Letter CL, was the dominant military commander at the court of Emperor Leo I. His direct inclusion here alongside the emperor as a recipient of Leo’s written representations on matters of faith illustrates the breadth of papal engagement with the full range of imperial power in this period.
- ↩ The Antiochene is Basil, Patriarch of Antioch (Letter CXLIX), and the Hierosolymitan is Juvenal, Patriarch of Jerusalem (Letter CL). Leo is directing his own presbyter to deliver papal letters to two of the five patriarchal sees recognized at Chalcedon. A Roman presbyter carrying directives from Leo to the Patriarchs of Antioch and Jerusalem is the most ordinary possible expression of immediate jurisdiction: the office reaches the ancient sees not through formal legation but through the routine deployment of a personal agent.
- ↩ The phrase De sacramento vero catholicæ fidei nullis nobis jam conflictationibus est agendum — “there is nothing left for us to contend about in the mystery of the Catholic faith” — is a declaration that the doctrinal question is closed. Leo is not inviting further deliberation; he is stating that the investigation has been completed and the definition made as truly as it can be made. Read alongside Letter CLII’s nihil novi — “nothing novel in sense or expression” — the two letters together present the consistent posture of the Roman pontiff across the September 1 cluster: the faith has been defined; the Church’s only remaining task is to hold it. This is the irreformability principle in its most direct pastoral form.
- ↩ The Patrologia Latina prints concordi crudelitate — “with concordant cruelty” — which is evidently a printing error, crudelitate being nonsensical in this context. The existing manuscript tradition clearly supports a positive term; Quesnellus’s apparatus note at this passage cites concordi voluntate (“concordant will”) as the better reading, which the translation follows. The error was not corrected in the Migne printing and should not be allowed to generate a false reading.
- ↩ The name “Storatius” was resolved by the Ratisbon manuscript against an alternative reading “Sporatius” found in other witnesses. The apparatus note in the Patrologia Latina (note l) records that the Ratisbon reading removed the doubt about whether this person might be the Sporatius who served as Eastern consul in 452. The editors concluded Storatius is a distinct individual. Beyond this letter he is otherwise unidentified in the Leo corpus.
Historical Commentary