The Early Church and Peter's Primacy

Letter XXIV, from Ennodius of Pavia to Pope Symmachus

Synopsis: Ennodius of Pavia commends to Pope Symmachus a blessed sublime youth, the bearer of the present letter, opening with the formulation that he who recommends pilgrims to the Father of all does not ask in vain, asserting that recognition is owed to the noble of birth especially among those who bestow benefits on the unasked, and asking that Symmachus’s crown deign to receive him so that the office of the youth may be adorned by Symmachus’s grace.

Ennodius to Symmachus.

He Who Recommends Pilgrims to the Father of All Does Not Ask in Vain

He does not ask ineffectively, who recommends pilgrims to the Father of all. A general assertion is owed to the noble, especially among those who bestow benefits even on the unasked. If Your Crown shall worthily receive the blessed sublime youth, bearer of these things, [your] office adorns the splendid [office] according to its custom. For there is one who deserves your grace by both birth and morals. Strict praise suffices for the worthy. Now, services of greeting being exhibited, I ask that you relieve me as a lover of yours by frequent promulgation of colloquy.

Source/Reference

Notes / Historical Commentary

This brief letter is the last of the Ennodius letters preserved in the Symmachus corpus. As with Letters 22 and 23, Ennodius commends a noble Western youth — here unnamed but identified as a beatus sublimis adolescens (“blessed sublime youth”) — to the apostolic court at Rome. The opening formulation parallels Letter 23 directly: Ennodius opens both letters by naming Symmachus as parens omnium (“Father of all”) and the youth as a peregrinus (“pilgrim”) whose paternal commendation is owed by the universal pastoral office.

The repetition of the parens omnium formula across two letters indicates that this was not a one-off rhetorical flourish but the established operative framework within which Ennodius and his Western correspondents understood Roman pastoral care. The pope is the father of all the faithful, and the universal scope of his pastoral office makes the natural recourse for pilgrims, orphans, and noble youths whose education or fortunes require the apostolic court’s attention. The framing extends naturally from the Latin papa (“father”) — itself the standard ecclesiastical title for the bishop of Rome — to its substantive theological correlate: the bishop of Rome is the father of all the Catholic faithful in the universal Church, and his pastoral care is the operative framework of universal Catholic communion.

The closing formulation deserves brief attention. Ennodius observes that when the pope graciously receives a noble youth, the pope’s office (officium pontificis) “by its custom” (juxta morem) adorns the youth’s own splendid lay office. The line treats the customary practice of papal reception as itself a structural feature of the apostolic office: it is by the established custom of papal hospitality that secular dignities are properly honored within the framework of Catholic order. The reader interested in how Roman primacy operated in routine cultural practice will note that the pope’s office in this period included the formal reception of noble Western youths — a function that operated alongside the doctrinal arbitration, the jurisdictional administration, and the appellate review documented elsewhere in the corpus. The Roman office was multi-dimensional, and these Ennodian letters preserve the dimension that operated through routine pastoral hospitality across the senatorial-aristocratic networks of the Western Catholic world.

For the reader who is following the corpus arc, the four Ennodius commendation letters (20, 21, 22, 23, 24) together illustrate one of the less polemical aspects of Roman primacy: its operation through routine ecclesiastical-cultural pastoral practice across the Western Catholic networks. Where Letters 13, 14, 15, and 16 articulated the formal jurisdictional and theological structures of Roman primacy, Letters 18 through 24 show those structures in their lived application — Western deacons writing to the pope on behalf of senatorial children, orphans, returning legates, and grateful petitioners; the apostolic office receiving these commendations as the operative framework of Catholic Western life; and the universal solicitude doctrine functioning through ten thousand small gestures of paternal care for the dispersed Catholic faithful.

The Early Church and Peter's Primacy