The Early Church and Peter's Primacy

Letter XXXVI, from Pope Leo to Bishop Flavian of Constantinople

Synopsis: Leo informs Flavian that he has received his letters and the synodal acts, notes that the matter clearly requires no synodal treatment, and signifies that the legates he has sent are following with writings that will instruct Flavian more fully.

Leo, bishop, to the most beloved brother Flavian.

The Legates Follow; The Matter Requires No Synodal Treatment

I have received your beloved’s letters along with the acts completed among you concerning the question of the faith. And since the most clement emperor, solicitous for the Church’s peace, wished a synod to be convened — though it is evidently clear that the matter at hand requires no synodal treatment — I signify to you, dearest brother, that those whom we deemed fit to send have followed.

It was not necessary to write further now, since, with God’s favor, you will be more fully instructed concerning what we believe suited to the cause by the writings they will carry with them.

Given on the twelfth day before the Kalends of July, in the consulship of Asturius and Protogenes, most illustrious men.

Source/Reference

Notes / Historical Commentary

Letter XXXVI is the briefest letter of the entire Eutychian cluster — three sentences addressed to Flavian seven days after the June 13 dispatch. Its brevity is itself significant. Everything that needed to be said doctrinally has been said in the Tome; the legates are already following with the full written instructions. This letter is a dispatch notice, informing Flavian that the representatives are coming and that their writings will supply whatever the letter itself does not.

But the letter contains one sentence that earns its place in the project record. Leo tells Flavian that the emperor “wished a synod to be convened, though it is evidently clear that the matter at hand requires no synodal treatment at all.” This is the same claim Leo makes simultaneously to the emperor in Letter XXXVII: the doctrinal question is not open, and a council to reconsider it is therefore redundant. Leo is not saying this diplomatically or as an aside — he is stating it as an objective fact, using the adverb evidenter (evidently, clearly). The Tome has settled the question; whatever the council does, it cannot unseat that settlement. The reader who holds this claim alongside the catastrophe of Ephesus II — which reversed everything Leo’s legates were sent to confirm — will understand why Leo treated Ephesus II’s acts as null from the moment he heard of them.

The letter belongs to the same day as Letter XXXVII, which carries the same message to the emperor. The pattern is consistent with Leo’s practice throughout the June 13 cluster: simultaneous dispatch to all relevant parties, ensuring that no important correspondent receives the message second-hand or with delay. Flavian and Theodosius hear the same thing on the same day: the legates are coming, the faith is settled, the council is a concession to imperial piety rather than a doctrinal necessity.

The Early Church and Peter's Primacy